What is hyper-skin pigmentation of the skin, and what are the causes?
Do you need cosmetology procedures to get rid of it and what cosmetics will you need for home care?
The online store offers face-care products to get rid of hyperpigmentation. All products are certified by European, American, and Ukrainian manufacturers.
Pigmentation of the skin of the face and body: causes
The color of our eyes, hair, and skin is responsible for the pigment melanin, which is produced by melanocyte cells. With excessive exposure to sunlight, genetic factors, diseases, and burns, the amount of cell damage changes, causing excessive hyperpigmentation of the skin. It manifests itself in the form of single and insignificant spots, or it has a more generalized character.
Types of pigmentation
Among the types of pigmentation that can be distinguished are:
- Swallows (ephelides) are acquired pigment spots. They are located on the face, shoulders, and hands.
- Nevus are moles familiar to all of us.
- Lenigo appears more often after the age of 50 and has a more saturated, dark brown color. It is with age that the skin loses collagen and elastin, which leads to the deterioration of the skin condition.
- It is characterized by spots of irregular shape and is most often localized on the face.
- Chloasma – most often develops under the influence of sunlight in women; light brown and brown spots are formed.
- Achromia or hypochromia, is a significant discoloration of the skin caused by the destruction of the melanin pigment itself. White spots appear on the skin, which are located unevenly on the body and face.
Reasons
Hyperpigmentation of the skin of the face and body can have several causes:
- Sunburns: the sun’s ultraviolet rays can cause excessive skin pigmentation. This can be a consequence of frequent, intense exposure to sunlight without adequate protection.
- Post-acne: inflammation of the skin that occurs with acne can lead to a change in skin color in the form of dark or reddish spots after improper treatment. You can notice that after the wounds heal, the skin becomes darker.
- Aging: As you age, your skin loses collagen and elastin, which can lead to uneven skin tone and spots.
- Genetics: Some people may have a natural predisposition to skin pigmentation, depending on their genetic inheritance.
- Infectious diseases of internal organs—disorders in the work of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, and liver—cause the appearance of characteristic pigmented spots on the skin.
- Use of cosmetics with aggressive components and improperly selected skincare.
If you are concerned about skin pigmentation, we recommend that you consult a dermatologist or cosmetologist for professional advice and recommendations on treatment and prevention of skin protection.
What is hyperpigmentation?
Hyperpigmentation is a condition where there is an increase in the amount of melanin pigment in certain areas of the skin or mucous membranes.
It can appear in the form of dark spots, streaks, or pigmented formations on the skin of the face and all over the body. Hyperpigmentation negatively affects skin conditions and beauty.
- It promotes delicate exfoliation of the epidermis.
- Azelaic acid, obtained from lipophilic yeast, acts as an inhibitor of tyrosinase activity.
- Retinol, also used to treat acne and photoaging, enhances skin regeneration.
- Niacinamide prevents the transfer of melanosomes to skin cells.
- Vitamin C reduces the production of melanin.
- Arbutin is found in cranberry or blueberry leaves. Melanin is produced much more slowly.
- Hydroquinone is a fairly strong skin lightener, which reduces the number of melanocytes and therefore produces much less melanin.
- Kojic acid inhibits tyrosinase.
- Mulberry extract is a natural brightener with a delicate effect. It reduces visible hyperpigmentation.
Methods of combating pigment spots on the skin
To decide which method will work best for you in the fight against hyperpigmentation, be sure to consult a dermatologist to find out the cause of the pigmentation.
The very result and condition of the skin depend on the correct and qualified method of combating hyperpigmentation.
Cosmetic
These methods include the use of masks, creams, lotions, and tonics. It is effective with long-term use and helps to get rid of superficial skin pigmentation and maintain the result after injection and hardware procedures.
Effective treatments for hyperpigmentation are:
Cosmetic products are based on acids with natural components. They effectively remove pollution, exfoliate dead epidermal cells, normalize sebum secretion, and eliminate redness. Your skin will look smooth and radiant.
Products based on glycolic acid for deep exfoliation stimulate the renewal of the epidermis and even skin tone. These include exfoliating facial toner Glycolic Acid Daily Toner from Q+A. It helps to clean the pores from excess sebum, narrows them, and prevents the appearance of acne. Regular use of a toner with glycolic acid improves the texture of the skin, making it radiant.
Whitening serums. The composition contains active substances that provide uniform illumination of pigment spots, reduce their visibility, and prevent the appearance of new ones.
Whitening masks. The composition usually includes vitamin C, arbutin, glycolic, lactic, malic, tartaric, peach, and coconut oils. An example of such a tool is mask whitening from PHARMIKA. It effectively removes pigmentation of varying degrees and eliminates the negative effects of ultraviolet rays.
Folk remedies
These are masks or scrubs that you can make yourself at home using lemon juice, honey, or yeast. Not effective for deep hyperpigmentation.
Procedural (peelings)
They create an illuminating effect.
The most common are acid, cryo-peeling, and carbonic. It is worth noting that they can be performed not only on the face but also on the body. Peeling is effective when the pigment is on the surface of the skin and even deeper. Carbon peeling is considered a gentler procedure. Peelings are mostly carried out in courses of two to ten sessions.
Injectable
The use of drug cocktails for the correction of pigmentation, inhibition of tyrosinase, and blocking of melanin synthesis. Mesotherapy and rejuvenation are quite effective and safe methods for getting rid of age spots. A course of injections will remove superficial and deep pigmentation and give the skin elasticity, firmness, and attractiveness.
hardware
These include laser resurfacing, phototherapy, and dermabrasion. Laser grinding is performed using a fractional laser. It heats the upper layer of the epidermis and gradually renews the upper layer of the skin. The number of procedures is regulated according to hyperpigmentation and skin type. Over time, the spots themselves begin to peel off. On average, you will need 8–10 procedures.
Skin care after removing pigment spots
After carrying out various procedures to remove hyperpigmentation, a rehabilitation period awaits you. This is necessary to fix the result for a long time. What rules should be followed for prevention after depigmentation?
- It is necessary to give up visiting the solarium and sunbathing on the beach.
- Do not use cosmetics with aggressive components.
- Do not perform acid peelings and polishing procedures in the summer.
- After the procedures, use cosmetics according to the recommendation of a cosmetologist, which is suitable for your skin type.
- Follow a healthy diet and a healthy sleep pattern.
Removing pigment spots is not such a fast process. so it is better to follow prevention and not forget that you deserve better. Therefore, pay attention to your health, worry about your emotional state, and choose only high-quality cosmetics.